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Items of Interest 2002December | November | October | September | August | July | June | May | April | March | February | January December 2002Volpe Hosts Second Annual Cyber Security Event - On November 19, the Volpe Information System Security (VISS) Forum and New England Information Systems Security Association (ISSA) chapter meeting, combined with a vendor exposition, took place at the Volpe Center on the second annual Volpe Cyber Awareness Day. The ISSA is an international organization of information security professionals dedicated to promoting secure information practices through educational forums, publications, public events, and peer interaction opportunities. The New England Chapter brings together information technology security professionals from the Northeast's leading commercial, educational, and government institutions. The event was co-sponsored in support of the National Cyber Security Initiatives by the Volpe Center's Computer Center and Infrastructure Protection and Operations Division. Over 130 participants attended the event, hosted by the ISSA, where cyber security leaders from across New England gathered for information sharing and networking. The morning session featured a presentation on a security training course designed to provide step-by-step procedures for executing Internet, Intranet, and host-level security review. There was also a vendor presentation on vulnerabilities associated with home Internet use such as malicious code, hacking, spoofing, denial of service, identity theft, and other known risks. In the afternoon session, the New England ISSA conducted their Chapter Meeting and annual event here at the Center. There were sessions on implementing an effective security awareness program and on the threats that hackers can pose to wired and wireless networks. Mr. Kevin Harnett, of the Infrastructure Protection and Operations Division Cyber Security Group, gave a keynote address, welcoming the group and describing Volpe's role as a key contributor to the Department of Transportation in supporting security initiatives. The Center is currently supporting the Federal Aviation Administration's Information Security Program; public transit security, Coast Guard and intermodal port security, United States Capitol Police Security, as well as security work for the Departments of State and Defense, and the Bureau of Engraving and Printing. He stressed that the Center will continue to play a critical role and looks forward to working with the ISSA to continue to identify and mitigate information risks. (Added 12/19/02) Volpe Center Conducts Bioterrorism Workshop For RSPA's Office of Emergency Transportation (OET)- From November 19 to 20, Volpe Center personnel organized and attended the Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA) OET's two-day workshop entitled, "Transportation Issues in Bioterrorism: Considerations for Evacuation and Quarantine." Ms. Ruth Hunter, Ms. Dawn Lopez Johnson, and Ms. Diann White, of the Intermodal Logistics Systems Planning and Integration Division, organized the workshop, hosted by the RSPA OET Deputy Director Mrs. Janet Benini, for participants from various transportation, emergency response, and public health agencies/organizations across the country. Federal agencies represented included the Office of Homeland Security, Department of Agriculture, Department of State, Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Transportation Security Administration, Federal Emergency Management Association, Federal Highway Administration, and the Federal Aviation Administration. National organizations represented included the National Emergency Managers Association, Association of American Railroads, National Defense Transportation Association, International Association of Fire Chiefs, National Association of Counties, and the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. The workshop began with a U.S. Department of Transportation panel consisting of Ms. Ellen Engleman, Administrator RSPA; Mr. Allan Rutter, Administrator Federal Railroad Administration; and Mr. J. Richard Capka, Deputy Administrator FHWA, and addressed the spectrum of Federal concerns. In addition to addressing bioterrorism roles and risks in transportation, the workshop's goal was to cultivate relationships among key agencies and associations at the local, state, regional, and national levels. The workshop used several hypothetical scenarios to stimulate broad-ranging discussion amongst the attendees regarding transportation as a response resource and as a potential transmission tool. Volpe Center personnel will prepare a short summary report of consensus items that were generated as a result of the workshop. (Added 12/10/02)
Volpe Center's Edith Boyden Wins Award- On December 4, Ms. Edith Boyden, Executive Director of the Office of Strategic Programs and Resources at the Volpe Center, received the Woman of the Year award from the Washington, DC, chapter of the Women's Transportation Seminar (WTS). This prestigious award is given to a woman who has made an outstanding contribution to the transportation industry; contributed directly to the advancement of women and minorities through opportunities in the transportation field; and has advanced the reputation and credibility of women in transportation. Ms. Boyden has served in influential positions in the transportation field in both the public and private sectors for over 20 years. She began her transportation career in Washington, DC, at Public Technologies, Inc. learning about the difficulties and complications facing local communities in meeting transportation needs. Next, she directed the Transportation Program at the Congressional Office of Technology Assessment (OTA), where she emerged as a leading expert with Congressional leaders and their staffs, providing compelling testimony and insightful legislative solutions. During her tenure at OTA, she produced a dozen major transportation studies such as the first Congressional analysis of transportation and hazardous materials across all modes, and one of the earliest comprehensive reviews of public works technologies, management, and financing. After her experience at OTA, Ms. Boyden represented the infrastructure and transportation group of the Bechtel Corporation, where she was responsible for domestic and international project development and financing. She joined the Volpe Center as Chief of the Division of Policy and Technology Analysis in 1997. In her selection as Woman of the Year, Ms. Boyden joins a long list of distinguished women who have served the transportation industry well over the years. Ms. Boyden was nominated for this award by a bipartisan group that included former Deputy Department of Transportation Secretary Mortimer Downey, representatives from the private sector, Congress, and the Executive Branch. (Added 12/10/02)
Volpe Recognized at 35th Secretary's Annual Awards Ceremony- On November 14, six Volpe staff members were recognized for their contributions at the 35th Secretary's Annual Awards Ceremony in Washington, DC. Claude Williams, Administrative Services Branch, received the Secretary's Award for Excellence. The following staff members received the Secretary's Partnering for Excellence Award: Dr. Aviva Brecher, Office of Environmental Preservation and Systems Modernization, was recognized for her contribution to the Statistical Data Quality Team; Mr. Michael Dyer, Technology Applications and Deployment Division, and Mr. Robert Hoaglund, Infrastructure Protection and Operations Division, were recognized for their contribution to the Port Security Grants Team. The Secretary also recognized Ms. Justyne Johnson and Ms. Sharon Jenkins, Telecommunications Division, for their educational consulting and assistance in the restructuring and rewriting of training curriculum as part of the Passenger Screening Training Curriculum Development Team. (Added 12/03/02) November 2002Volpe Center Staff Keynote Speaker at NAV02 Conference- On November 6, Dr. James Carroll, of the Center for Navigation, presented the keynote speech at the "NAV02" conference and exhibition, hosted by the Royal Institute of Navigation in London, UK. The theme of this conference was Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) vulnerability. In his speech, "Vulnerability Assessment of the Civilian U.S. Transportation Infrastructure Relying on GPS," Dr. Carroll presented the major results of the Volpe Center report on GNSS vulnerability. The report, accepted by the Secretary of Transportation, identified the need to ensure that appropriate and adequate alternative systems are maintained as required for use by maritime, aeronautical, and land navigators, as well as for timing and telecommunications applications. The conference offered an opportunity to get the European perspective on the vulnerability of satellite navigation systems - a relevant topic for Europe as they initiate design of their own system, Galileo - and to emphasize that all satellite systems are vulnerable to deliberate and unintentional disruption.
On conclusion of the conference sessions, the Royal Institute of Navigation NAV02 attendees approved the following resolution: "In order to ensure that Galileo can contribute to a robust global navigation and timing infrastructure, this conference strongly recommends that European Administrations recognize the key findings in the U.S. Volpe Report, the NAV02 proceedings, and other studies of the significant vulnerability of GNSS to loss of signal, interference, and jamming." This resolution will be sent to key civil navigation policy makers throughout Europe. The Volpe Center continues to provide support in assessing the best mix of navigation systems for all civil transportation modes in the United States, including conducting a benefit/cost study on the ability of Loran-C, a radio-navigation system operated by the U.S. Coast Guard, to provide backup navigation and timing services. (Added 11/25/02) Volpe Center Participates in University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) Public Policy Symposium on Congestion Relief- On October 21, Dr. Don Pickrell, of the Office of System and Economic Assessment, delivered a presentation entitled "Induced Demand, Latent Demand: What Really Happens When We Expand Transportation Capacity?" to the UCLA Public Policy Symposium Tackling Traffic Congestion in Lake Arrowhead, California. The purpose of the Symposium was to facilitate presentation and discussion of strategies to reduce urban traffic congestion among researchers, academic transportation experts, government officials, and transportation planners. Dr. Pickrell's presentation was an outgrowth of Volpe Center research on the subject of induced travel demand conducted in support of the Highway Needs and Investment Team of the Federal Highway Administration's Office of Legislation and Strategic Planning. It focused on the effects of expanding metropolitan highways on congestion, travel speeds, travel behavior by households and businesses, and urban land use patterns. Copies of the presentation and a detailed paper on induced demand can be obtained by sending an e-mail request to Dr. Pickrell at pickrell@volpe.dot.gov. (Added 11/13/02)
Volpe Center Participates in First Staff Exchange with Dutch Ministry- On November 4, Mr. Gerben Bootsma of the Adviesdienst Verkeer en Vervoer Transport Research Centre of the Dutch Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management, in Rotterdam, began an assignment on-site at the Volpe Center. Mr. Bootsma's assignment is being organized under the agreement for collaboration between the two national transportation research centers signed by Volpe Director, Dr. Richard John and the Dutch Director, Mr. Houko Luikens. The agreement, under the Memorandum of Understanding between the U.S. Department of Transportation and the Dutch Ministry, provides for exchanges of staff to work on priority topics of mutual interest and collaborate on projects. The Volpe Coordinator of the agreement, Mr. William Lyons, of the Planning and Policy Analysis Division, is organizing this first exchange. Mr. Bootsma will be assigned to this division and will focus on statewide and metropolitan planning and capacity building, and user and societal acceptance of new technology. (Added 11/12/02) October 2002
Volpe Staff Visits Ports in Italy and Malta for International Best Cargo Security Practices Report- The Volpe Center is preparing a report on Intermodal Best Security Practices in Cargo Container Operations and is visiting seaports worldwide to learn about procedures and techniques that can be applied to reduce the threat of cargo theft and terrorism. This report is part of the Volpe Center's support to the Global Maritime and Transportation School at the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy. From September 13 to 21, Mr. Charles McCarthy and Mr. Robert Hoaglund, of the Infrastructure Protection and Operations Division, visited the Naples Port Authority, Italian Customs Service, Italian Coast Guard, and container terminal operations at the Port of Naples, Italy, to gather information on best cargo security practices. From September 21 to 28, the Volpe team visited Malta to conduct a meeting with the Malta Maritime Authority, the Malta Customs Service, and container terminal operations at the Freeport. Volpe Center staff has visited several international seaports to examine operational security, physical security, and information systems security as well as five international airports to examine the seaport/airport transshipment relationship. In addition to the three ports on this trip, other ports visited include the Port of Rotterdam, Netherlands, and the ports of Jebel Ali, Rashid, and Hamriyah in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Future surveys will take place in Shanghai and Singapore. After the surveys in Shanghai and Singapore are completed, the Volpe Center will prepare a final best practices report using data from the ports noted above, as well as data from the port of Vancouver, Canada, under a recent U.S. Customs Service project, and the port of Hamburg, Germany, under Operation Safe Commerce. (Added 10/29/02)
Volpe Center Completes Air Tour Management Plan (ATMP) Materials- The Volpe Center supports the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Western Pacific Region in implementing the ATMP Program. The ATMP's objective is to regulate air tours in the National Park System in order to prevent or mitigate significant adverse impacts to its natural and cultural resources. During the past year, Ms. Ann DiMare, of the Aviation Safety Division, and Dr. Amishi Joshi, of the Environmental Engineering Division, developed an informational video and a brochure for the ATMP Program. These materials will be used to inform the public and FAA staff about the Program and include frequently asked questions and details about the National Parks Air Tour Management Act of 2000 and the ATMP/National Environmental Policy process. The Act requires all persons operating or intending to operate a commercial air tour operation within these areas to apply to the FAA for authority to conduct such activity. On October 15, the completed materials were sent to FAA Headquarters, Regional, and District Offices nationwide, preceding the kickoff of the ATMP Program. The Volpe Center will continue to support the ATMP Program by performing the environmental compliance associated with implementing the Program, developing an implementation plan addressing strategic and logistical issues, collecting and analyzing acoustic data, developing public relations materials, and writing FAA procedural documents. (Added 10/22/02) U.S. Customs Service (USCS) Support- On September 18, Research and Special Programs Administration's Volpe Center staff completed an evaluation of the electronic seals pilot project and submitted a report to the Applied Technology Division at the USCS in Washington, DC. As part of its response to the September 11 attacks, the USCS and the Canada Customs and Revenue Agency assigned inspectors to key ports in each other's countries in order to inspect and clear containers prior to crossing the border. The USCS started a pilot program at Vancouver, British Columbia, to affix electronic seals to U.S.-bound containers determined by joint U.S. and Canada Customs teams to be high risk. The Volpe team of Mr. Kenneth F. Troup and Ms. Nancy Cooney, of the Intermodal Logistics Systems Planning and Integration Division, and Mr. Charles McCarthy, of the Infrastructure Protection and Operations Division, made recommendations to improve the existing Vancouver-to-United States pilot, to expand the project to the ports of Montreal and Halifax, and to develop the longer-term capability to integrate electronic seals data into USCS information management systems. (Added 10/15/02)
Volpe Center Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) Support- The Volpe Center provides railroad technical expertise to the DTRA in helping the Former Soviet Union disable their nuclear weapons of mass destruction in accordance with the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties I and II. Throughout 2002, the Volpe team of Mr. Ross Gill, Railroad Systems Division, and Mr. Jack Krumm, Intermodal Logistics Systems Planning and Integration Division, traveled to Bryansk, Russia, to assist the DTRA's initiative supporting the elimination of weapons of mass destruction. Misters Gill and Krumm recently inspected and approved engineering work at a railcar elimination facility in Bryansk, Russia. They assisted the DTRA team with set up and on-site inspection of newly constructed Russian facilities that break down launch systems which formerly supported the missiles. The final acceptance was conducted in mid-September. The on-site work of both Volpe civil servants drew high praise from the DTRA Officer-in-charge, LtC. Angelo DeCecco. Volpe Center support of this program is expected to continue through 2008. (Added 10/15/02)
Leopold Wetula Receives Second Volpe Transportation Internship- As part of the U.S. Department of Transportation's Research and Special Programs Administration, the Volpe Center offers the John A. Volpe Transportation Internship. This internship, named to honor and recognize the contributions of the second U.S. Secretary of Transportation, offers major tuition assistance and paid work opportunities at the Volpe Center for selected outstanding graduate students in engineering, scientific, and social sciences disciplines who have expressed an interest in working in the field of transportation. The Volpe Center has announced Mr. Leopold E. Wetula, a law student at the Cleveland-Marshall College of Law, as the second recipient of this internship. Mr. Wetula joined the staff of the Volpe Center's Office of System and Economic Assessment in August 2001. Mr. Wetula spent the past year using his knowledge and expertise in airport and airline economics to support the Volpe Center's intercity passenger transportation projects, assessing the impacts of new intercity technologies and changing policies and costs. Mr. Wetula's projects include exploring policy, technology, and infrastructure investment options for mitigating airport congestion, especially in shorter distance markets where improved rail service or the use of secondary airports might offer realistic alternatives to traditional air service. He has also been involved in assessing the potential market for a small aircraft transportation system that would take advantage of the lower cost of avionics and aircraft to serve travel demand outside of the traditional hub-and-spoke system. Mr. Wetula will be returning to the Cleveland-Marshall College of Law for the 2002-2003 academic year and will be returning next summer to work on the above-mentioned projects under the direction of Mr. Ron Mauri. For more information about the John A. Volpe Transportation Internship, visit http://www.volpe.dot.gov/career/intrnshp.html. (Added 10/01/02) September 2002St. Lawrence Seaway Automatic Identification System (AIS) Technology Project- On September 5, a vessel traffic management system, based on AIS technology, was inaugurated on the Saint Lawrence Seaway with a ceremony at St. Lambert Lock, the entrance to the Seaway at Montreal, Canada. The AIS shore-side network, which extends westward from Montreal to Lake Erie, was developed by the Volpe Center under the sponsorship of a consortium composed of the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, the Canadian St. Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation, the Canadian Shipping Federation and the Canadian Shipowners Association. AIS provides automatic position reports from vessels equipped with AIS transponders to the Seaway Traffic Management System. In turn, the shore-side AIS network provides Vessel Traffic Services information, such as wind speed, current, water levels, visibility, and lock schedules to transiting ships. "AIS will enhance safety, reliability, and security of shipping in the Seaway," said Research and Special Programs Administration Administrator Ellen G. Engleman. "It's a clear example of transportation research and technology meeting today's needs." Although only a few ships currently have AIS systems, all ships traveling through the Saint Lawrence Seaway during the next shipping season, which will commence in late March 2003, will be required to carry AIS transponders. Vessels that approach the Seaway without an installed AIS transponder will be equipped with a portable unit for use while traveling through the waterway. The Saint Lawrence Seaway is the first waterway in the western hemisphere to operationally employ AIS technology. (Added 09/24/02)
Component of U.S. Army Watercraft Program Deployed- The Volpe Center provides engineering and programmatic support to the U.S. Army's Watercraft Program of the Force Projection Office. On August 26, part of the Modular Causeway Systems (MCS) program, the Roll-on/Roll-off Discharge Facility (RRDF) and the Floating Causeway (FC), under development for the past 12 years, was officially released for unrestricted use. The MCS is composed of a series of standardized components that join together in various configurations to build floating piers, floating offshore platforms for discharging cargo from a ship, and powered ferries for transporting vehicles and containers ashore. Prior to the official release, the Volpe team of Mr. Christopher Murray, Ms. Julia Devine, and Mr. Bob Pray, led by Mr. Michael Buonopane, all of the Technology Applications and Deployment Division, performed various tests and participated in operational demonstrations of all four MCS subsystems: RRDF, FC, Warping Tug (WT), and Causeway Ferry (CF). The WT and CF subsystems materials have not yet been released. The Volpe Center team also developed training programs and logistics support data. The team will participate in the deployment of these systems to U.S. Army 7th Transportation Group in Fort Eustis, VA. (Added 09/11/02)
National Park Service Transportation Program Support- In cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration, Federal Lands Highway Core Business Unit, the Volpe Center supports a comprehensive program of the National Park Service, aimed at developing and implementing alternative transportation systems, like the Ford "Th!nk" vehicle, in the nation's national parks. Th!nk vehicles are zero-emission electric vehicles that may help reduce air and noise pollution in the National Parks. Park rangers, maintenance staff, and park volunteers will use the battery-powered Th!nk cars. The goal of the project is to be able to model and predict park air and noise quality improvements that might be achieved through the substitution of more fuel efficient, quieter vehicles and/or alternative transportation solutions. On August 22-28, Nancy Garrity, Michael Lau, George Noel, and Clay Reherman, of the Environmental Measurement and Modeling Division, visited Yosemite National Park in California. The Volpe team recorded vehicle registration information at four park entrances for an emissions data base and also performed noise measurements of an electric Ford "Th!nk" vehicle and park shuttle bus. Additional vehicle data will be collected from Point Reyes National Seashore and Joshua Tree National Park in California. The data will be used to complete Visitor Vehicular Impact Studies at the Parks. (Added 09/03/02)
August 2002International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering- On August 19-22, Volpe Center staff participated in the 2002 International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering in Dearborn, MI. Cynthia Lee, of the Environmental Measurement and Modeling Division, presented a paper entitled "General Health Effects of Transportation Noise" (co-authored by the Volpe Center's Gregg Fleming). Judith Rochat, also of the Environmental Measurement and Modeling Division, chaired the panel "Tire/Road Noise" and presented the paper "Long-term, Multiple Pavement Type, Tire/Road Noise Study." The Volpe Center supports the Federal Railroad Administration's Office of Safety Enforcement and Office of Research and Development in the evaluation of locomotive alarm systems. This work was prompted by concerns regarding the audibility of locomotive horns at highway/rail grade crossings in modern sound-insulated highway vehicles, and by complaints from abutting residents protesting excessive exposure to the sound from these horns. The Volpe Center also supports the California Department of Transportation in validating and updating the Federal Highway Administration's Traffic Noise Model (TNM), used to predict highway traffic noise levels. Recently, the work has expanded to determine the optimal pavement type for noise abatement, and the results may also be incorporated in the TNM software. (Added 08/28/02) Universal Transit Farecard Standards Development- In September 2002, with the support of Volpe Center personnel, American Public Transportation Association (APTA) committee chairs will present briefings on universal transit farecards standards activities at the APTA Annual Meeting and Expo, in Las Vegas, Nevada. The Volpe Center is supporting the Federal Transit Administration in the development of a series of standards, recommended practices, and guidelines for the Universal Transit Farecard program. The program is designed to foster greater connectivity and interoperability among transit revenue collection systems. Volpe Center staff is facilitating the efforts of APTA by bringing together key transit agency decision-makers, representatives, and industry members, as well as equipment suppliers and systems integrators. Four committees have been established to address a variety of complex issues associated with regional payment systems. Leisa Moniz and Timothy Weisenberger, of the Infrastructure Protection and Operations Division, assist the committee chairs and APTA program staff in identifying and developing deliverable documentation. (Added 08/19/02) 7th International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technology in Transportation: August 5-7, 2002- Over 180 leading transportation research and technology professionals from around the world gathered in Cambridge August 5-7 to share transportation technology, planning, and management and knowledge experiences and expertise at a conference held by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) in cooperation with the Volpe Center. The 7th International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technology in Transportation was held in Cambridge, in large part because of the international recognition of the Volpe Center and MIT as leaders in the application of advanced transportation technology. Volpe Center employee Gary Ritter was nominated by the ASCE Transportation Institute's Advanced Technology Committee to co-chair the conference. More than a dozen research and technology papers were presented by Volpe staff to this diverse group of researchers, academics, administrators, and others from government and industry. In addition, the Center was a prime exhibitor at the conference and showcased low-cost approaches to traffic and parking management in U.S. National Parks. This international forum provided an ideal venue for the Volpe Center to showcase and exchange knowledge and perspectives with a broad cross section of transportation professionals. Volpe participants covered a broad range of topics, including noise and environmental impacts, transportation market analysis, educating transportation professionals, intelligent transportation systems, transportation economics, transportation networks, railroad-highway grade crossings, transportation and sustainability, modular causeway systems, collision avoidance systems, shipboard fire protection, clean fuels, and dynamic vehicle dispatching systems. (Added 08/13/02)
 The Eisenhower vessel traffic control center using AIS vessel-tracking technology. Saint Lawrence Seaway Automatic Identification System Project- On July 15, 2002, Mr. Kam Chin and Mr. Thomas Cantwell of the Center for Navigation traveled to U.S. and Canadian facilities along the Saint Lawrence River to complete the third phase of the Seaway Automatic Identification System (AIS) project. The project, sponsored by the Saint Lawrence Seaway (SLS) Development Corporation, Saint Lawrence Seaway Management Corporation of Canada, and Shipping Federation of Canada, provides automatic vessels position reports from AIS-equipped vessels to the Seaway Traffic Management System. In turn, the shore-side AIS network provides Vessel Traffic Services information, such as wind speeds, water levels, visibility, and lock schedules to transiting ships. Mr. Chan and Mr. Cantwell completed the deployment of the SLS AIS network, installing transponder suites, antennas, and communications and power systems at the following sites: Welland Canal in Saint Catharines, Ontario; Port Colborne, Ontario; and Sodus, New York. In addition to these sites, six shore stations were deployed in May 2002, so the Seaway AIS network has achieved initial operational capability. The network provides AIS signal coverage from Montreal to eastern Lake Erie. The SLS is the first waterway in North America to fully implement a vessel management system with AIS technology. (Added 08/06/02) July 2002High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program- The Volpe Center is providing environmental compliance support to the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) of the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy. The goal of this congressionally mandated program is to provide a state-of-the-art research facility to study the properties and behavior of the ionosphere, a conductive upper layer of the Earth's atmosphere. Particular emphasis will be placed on understanding and using the ionosphere to enhance communications and surveillance systems for both civilian and defense purposes. The HAARP research will be directly applicable to the communication and navigation necessary for the successful operation of all modes of transport. During June 3-7, 2002, Dr. Paul Valihura, Volpe Center staff member and Environmental Officer for the HAARP program, participated in the U.S. Corps of Engineers Wetland Permitting Process at the HAARP research facility in Gakona, Alaska. The work included identifying the locations of roads and radar equipment that will minimize the potential impact on wetlands. Dr. Valihura also reviewed the site for compliance with state and federal environmental regulations and adherence to the HAARP Environmental Impact Statement Mitigation Plan. (Added 07/23/02)
Applications of Advanced Technology in Transportation Conference- Leading transportation research and technology professionals from around the world will gather in Cambridge, MA, from August 5-7, 2002, to share transportation technology, planning, and management and knowledge experiences and expertise at the 7th International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technology in Transportation. AATT 2002 is being sponsored by the American Society of Civil Engineers in partnership with the Volpe Center and is being held at the Marriott Hotel in Cambridge. Conference details and registration information are available on the AATT website. If you need additional information, please contact Gary Ritter (ritter@volpe.dot.gov) of the Volpe Center. (Added 07/15/02) ION award presented to Volpe staff member- The Institute of Navigation (ION) awarded the Early Career Achievement Award to Ms. Karen Van Dyke of the Volpe Center on June 25, 2002. Ms. Van Dyke has conducted availability and integrity monitoring studies for aviation applications of GPS (global positioning system) for all phases of flight. She was the project leader of a Volpe Center team that designed, developed, and implemented, for both the U.S. Air Force and the FAA, GPS RAIM (receiver autonomous integrity monitoring) outage reporting systems that are used to brief pilots during pre-flight planning on the availability of GPS signals in various areas of the world. She currently is working with the FAA to develop prediction models for WAAS and LAAS (Wide Area and Local Area Augmentation Systems) to support the Notice to Airmen (NOTAM) system. Ms. Van Dyke also has worked with Australian, German, and Chilean aviation authorities on the implementation of similar systems for use by pilots and air traffic controllers in these countries. She recently was a member of a team that conducted a study for the Office of the Secretary of Transportation to identify and analyze GPS vulnerabilities and interference mitigation techniques for all modes of transportation. She has published many papers on GPS and is a co-author of the book, Understanding GPS: Principles and Applications. Ms Van Dyke served as the President of the Institute of Navigation from 2000-2001. (Added 07/03/02) June 2002
Railroad Grade Crossing Tests Conducted- As part of the Federal Railroad Administration's (FRA) effort to improve passenger rail equipment crashworthiness, Volpe Center staff members assisted in conducting two grade crossing tests at the Transportation Technology Center in Pueblo, Colorado on June 4-11, 2002. The first test involved a railroad cab car with an end structure compliant with FRA standards and industry practice prior to 1999. The second test involved a state-of-the-art designed cab car with an end structure compliant with current FRA and American Public Transportation Association (APTA) requirements. In both tests, the corner post of the cab car impacted a 20-ton coil of steel placed on a frangible wooden box. The impact speed of the grade crossing test of the state-of-the-art designed end structure was 14.0 mph, while the impact speed of the test of the end structure designed in the 1990s was 14.4 mph. Test results were close to pre-test predictions and indicated that the state-of-the-art designed structure obtained less damage upon impact. For example, in the test of the 1990s design, the space for the operator was crushed, while in the test of the state-of-the-art design, the space for the operator was preserved. Volpe Center staff members David Tyrell, Eloy Martinez, Benjamin Perlman, and John Zolock were involved in designing, directing, and conducting these tests as part of Volpe's support to the Federal Railroad Administration. (Added 06/17/02) Volpe staff member presents at Benchmarking Transport Policy workshop- At the invitation of the European Commission (EC) Directorate-General for Transport and Energy, Mr. William Lyons of the Volpe Center participated in the experts workshop on "Benchmarking Transport Policy" in Brussels, Belgium on June 10 and 11, 2002. Mr. Lyons made a presentation on "The U.S. Framework for Transportation Policy: The Role of Benchmarking" to representatives of the EC, and transport and environmental ministries and local authorities from European Union member and accession countries. The EC is the administrative body for the 15-member country European Union. The workshop was part of the Benchmarking European Sustainable Transport (BEST) project being conducted under the EC's Fifth Framework for Research. Workshop participants assessed the use of benchmarking in the development, implementation, and evaluation of transportation policy and provided recommendations to the EC on the development of benchmarking to assist in the implementation of sustainable transport policies in Europe. (Added 06/17/02) May 2002 Tony Woo in front of one of the slides he presented during his keynote speech at the Volpe Center's Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month celebration. He used the slide to describe the overall mission of the Transportation Security Administration. Transportation Security Administration's Tony Woo speaks at Volpe Center- On May 22, 2002, Tony Woo, Executive Assistant of Law Enforcement at the U.S. Department of Transportation's Transportation Security Administration (TSA), gave the keynote speech at the Volpe Center's Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month celebration. Created in the wake of the September 11 terrorist attacks when President Bush signed the Aviation and Transportation Security Act on November 19, 2001, the TSA will be the largest new government agency since World War II as well as the largest within the U.S. Department of Transportation. The agency's mission is to protect the nation's transportation systems to ensure freedom of movement for people and commerce. During his presentation, Mr. Woo spoke both about his role at the TSA, and the agency's developing organizational structure. In addition, Mr. Woo talked about his prior experiences in local and federal law enforcement, including positions as an undercover agent working within West Coast Asian-American gangs, and later as a recruiter of Asian-American agents for federal law enforcement. His presentation was extremely well-received and prompted many questions about TSA's emerging transportation security roles. Federal Aviation Administration New England Region and Departmental Office of Civil Rights Region 1 employees also joined in the Volpe Center's Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month celebration. (Added 05/29/02)  Volpe Center staff member Ross Gill at the Center's exhibit at the Force Projection Symposium III. Volpe Center participates in Force Projection Symposium III- On May 7 and 8, 2002, Volpe Center staff members Ross Gill, Ed Medina, Barry Mickela, Rod Cook, Julia Devine, and Chris Murray participated in the Force Projection Symposium III in Williamsburg, VA. Force projection is defined as the ability to project military personnel and materiel from the continental United States or another theatre, in response to requirements for military operations. This year's Symposium, co-sponsored by the U.S. Army and the Michigan Chapter of the National Defense Industrial Association, brought together roughly 450 attendees and 70 exhibitors from government and industry to discuss issues and concerns relevant to constant changes and future trends in force projection. The Volpe Center's exhibit focused on the Center's efforts to supply transportation and distribution technologies to solve logistical shortcomings among military ground personnel in combat. (Added 05/20/02) Volpe staff visit U.A.E. for Best Cargo Security Practices Report - From March 28 to April 12, 2002, Robert Hoaglund and Charles McCarthy of the Volpe Center visited the Civil Aviation Authority and Customs Departments at five United Arab Emirates airports to gather information on best cargo security practices. The Volpe Center is preparing a report on Intermodal Best Security Practices in International Aviation and Maritime Cargo Operations and is visiting airports and seaports world-wide to learn about procedures and techniques that can be applied to reduce the threat of cargo theft and terrorism. U.A.E. airports were chosen because they have the largest cargo traffic in the Middle East and sophisticated information technology networks. This report is part of the Volpe Center's support to the DOT Office of Intelligence and Security and the Global Maritime and Transportation School at the U.S. Merchant Marine Academy. (Added 05/15/02)
Volpe Center Distinguished Lecture Series- Mr. Houko Luikens, Director of the Transport Research Center of the Dutch Ministry, spoke at the Volpe Center's Distinguished Lecture Series on April 30, 2002. The lecture series focuses on ways to ensure a continuing climate for transportation innovation and on the respective roles of government, industry, and academia in the 21st century transportation system. Mr. Luikens' lecture was entitled "Institutional Frameworks for Transportation Infrastructure- Management, Organization, and Financing: Dutch and European Experiences." While at the Volpe Center, Mr. Luikens and Dr. Richard R. John, Director of the Volpe Center, renewed a collaborative agreement between the Volpe Center and the Dutch Transport Research Center. The agreement, first signed in 1998, is under an existing Memorandum of Understanding between the Dutch Ministry and the U.S. Department of Transportation. The Centers are collaborating on a broad range of topics, including operator fatigue and alertness; professional capacity for transportation planning; and public-private roles in funding and operating passenger railroads. (Added 05/06/02) April 2002 Participants use the flight simulator while visiting Volpe's Center for Human Factors Research in Transportation. Take Our Daughters to Work Day- The Volpe Center sponsored its annual Take Our Daughters to Work Day event on April 25, 2002. 22 girls between the ages of 9 and 15 attended. In addition to daughters and nieces of Volpe Center employees, the group also included two girls from the Robert F. Kennedy Elementary School in Cambridge. This year's event included a visit to Volpe's Center for Human Factors Research in Transportation where Volpe staff demonstrated the use of simulators in transportation research. The girls were able to "drive" a locomotive, aircraft, and automobile using simulators. In the afternoon, each girl shadowed a Volpe Center employee to learn more about the world of work. Ten years ago, the Ms. Foundation for Women launched Take Our Daughters to Work® Day because it wanted to help girls stay strong and remain confident through adolescence by broadening their horizons and teaching them about the many careers open to women. The Volpe Center event is particularly beneficial because it exposes the girls to careers in highly technical fields. (Added 04/29/02) Volpe Center hosts Former POW Recognition Day- On April 19, 2002, the Volpe Center hosted the Department of Veterans Affairs New England Healthcare System's Former POW Recognition Day Program. Over 140 POWs from around New England attended the event. The guest speaker, Dr. Jerrold Johnson, a member of the National Ex-POW Advisory Committee in Washington, DC, and Physician's Coordinator at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) in Reno, Nevada, talked about his experiences treating former POWs with post-traumatic stress syndrome at the VAMC in Reno. In addition, he told the former POWs in attendance that since most people never experience wartime internment, they should write about what they went through as POWs to leave some history behind for their families, friends, and other POWs. The program also included a wreath decoration ceremony and workshops about issues relevant to former POWs and their wives. This is the fifth year the Volpe Center has hosted this event. (Added 04/24/02) National Alternative Fuel Vehicle Odyssey Day- The Volpe Center served as regional host site for the National Alternative Fuel Vehicle (AFV) Odyssey Day on April 11, 2002. AFV Odyssey Day strives to educate future generations of vehicle users about new choices in clean transportation and careers in the AFV industry. Dean Kamen, the inventor of the Segway Human Transporter, was the keynote speaker for the event. Participants were able to ride a fuel cell powered bus, drive GEM and TH!NK electric cars, and see a broad spectrum of other light-duty passenger and commercial alternative fuel vehicles and infrastructure that were on display. In addition, AFV industry practitioners, Environmental Protection Agency personnel, and vehicle manufacturer representatives spoke to the students about professional opportunities in the AFV sector. Odyssey Day also featured a roundtable discussion for industry representatives, academia, and users to discuss Boston's alternative fuel infrastructure and various AFV commercial applications and opportunities. Over five hundred students, fleet operators, industry representatives, and educators attended. (Added 04/17/02)
 One of the sound level meters used for tire/pavement noise research. Determining the optimal pavement type for noise abatement- The Volpe Center provides support to the California Department of Transportation in validating and updating the Traffic Noise Model, which is used to predict highway traffic noise levels. Recently, the work was expanded to include comparison of the noise characteristics of various pavement types, using the identical methodology under similar conditions of traffic and meteorology at a number of sites. The goal of the study is to determine the optimal pavement type for noise abatement. In addition, the results may be incorporated in the Traffic Noise Model software. During March 16-29, 2002, Judith Rochat, David Read, and supporting staff of the Volpe Center's Environmental Measurement and Modeling Division performed the first series of these noise measurements in Lancaster, California. (Added 04/15/02) Secretary's Award for Volunteer Service presented to Volpe volunteers- The Volpe Center's Lunch Buddies Program recently received the Secretary's Award for Volunteer Service from U.S. Department of Transportation Secretary Norman Y. Mineta. The award was granted for the Volpe Center's outstanding contributions to the school children of Cambridge through its Lunch Buddies Program. Approximately 130 Volpe staff members currently serve as lunch buddies. These volunteers read to second and third grade students at the Robert F. Kennedy Elementary School and the Amigos School twice a month during their lunch period. This program encourages a love of reading among children and exposes them to role models in the transportation field. (Added 04/02/02)  Volpe staff members are honored for their participation in the Lunch Buddies Program. March 2002Coast Guard honors Volpe Center staff- The Commandant of the United States Coast Guard, Admiral James M. Loy, recently awarded the Coast Guard Meritorious Team Commendation to Volpe staff members Carrie Darling-Brown, Calvin Pires, and Gary Fredericks for their service to the Coast Guard as part of the Configuration Management Project Software Installation and Training Team. The team was recognized for completing software database builds, installation, and training for 122 Coast Guard units. The citation reads in part, "The team's hard work and dedication accomplished a 2 year job in 9 months, maintained the highest quality of workmanship, allowed for additional training to other units, and saved in travel costs. The Configuration Management Project Software Installation and Training Team's dedication, pride, and professionalism reflects credit upon each team member and are in keeping with the highest traditions of the United States Coast Guard." The software implemented by the team, the Configuration Management Plus (CMplus) system, was designed by the Volpe Center to help the Coast Guard manage maintenance and supply information for its fleet of cutters and is currently deployed to over 300 Coast Guard units. (Added 03/25/02) Volpe Center begins work on "Boston-A Model Port" project- The Volpe Center recently began working with the First Coast Guard District on the "Boston- A Model Port" project. The "Boston-A Model Port" initiative is a pilot project that is designed to transform the port of Boston into a model of safety, security, and efficiency by demonstrating the practical application of proposed voluntary guidelines. The project involves evaluating the liquefied natural gas (LNG) delivery system and the cruise ship industry in Boston Harbor. Boston is being used as the test site for this project with the ultimate goal being to develop and evaluate certain practices that will reduce port-security vulnerabilities in any port. (Added 03/25/02) Volpe Center unveils new and improved website- The new website, launched on March 20, 2002, features a homepage with a new look and improved navigation to enable users to find information more quickly and easily. It also introduces a section that focuses on the Department of Transportation's five strategic goals: safety, mobility, economic growth, human and natural environment, and national security and the work that the Center performs in support of those goals. In addition to the redesigned homepage and the strategic goals section, other information on the site has been reorganized so that the Volpe Center's website is as user-friendly as possible. If you have comments about the new website, contact Sarah May at may@volpe.dot.gov (Added 03/20/02) Improving transportation on Cape Cod- Implementation of the plan to improve public transportation on Cape Cod and in the region was the main topic of discussion at the Cape Cod Transit Task Force's Transit Summit III on February 27, 2002 in Hyannis, Massachusetts. Under the direction of Terry Sheehan, the Volpe Center produced the Final Draft 5 Year Cape Cod Public Transportation Plan in February 2002. At the Transit Summit, Mr. Sheehan and the co-chairs of the Cape Cod Transit Task Force discussed the elements of the 5-year plan, the results of the public comment period, and next steps including implementation and the need for a long-range 10-20 year plan to complement the work already completed. The summit also included working groups on key transportation, funding, and implementation issues affecting Cape Cod and the Islands, and professional development training in various transportation issues for state, federal, local, and private sector officials. The Transit Summit was attended by approximately 150 guests and featured a speech by newly appointed Massachusetts Secretary of Transportation James Scanlan. (Added 03/11/02)
Chattanooga dignitaries tour Mobile Showcase- On February 14 and 15, 2002, the Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Mobile Showcase was at the Chattanooga Area Regional Transit Agency (CARTA) in Chattanooga, Tennessee. CARTA invited a number of local dignitaries to visit while the Mobile Showcase was on site. These dignitaries included U.S. Congressman Zach Wamp, Tennessee House of Representatives member Jim Vincent, representatives from the offices of U.S. Senator Fred Thompson and Chattanooga Mayor Bob Corker, and several Chattanooga city and county representatives. All of these attendees found the Mobile Showcase to be both interesting and informative. Congressman Wamp asked how the technologies on the Showcase could benefit his constituents and was told by CARTA's Executive Director which technologies were already in place and which technologies were planned for implementation in the future. The APTS Mobile Showcase is a 48-foot trailer with expandable sides, which can serve as a research lab, classroom, and briefing facility on wheels. During Spring 2002, the Mobile Showcase will be traveling to numerous transit agencies and to national, state, and regional transit and transportation conferences to provide transportation professionals, legislative and executive branch officials, and the general public with increased exposure to APTS technology. The Mobile Showcase is a Federal Transit Administration program managed by the Volpe Center. (Added 03/11/02) Volpe Center co-hosts Bio-terrorism in Transportation workshop- On February 14, 2002, the Volpe Center co-hosted a workshop on Bio-terrorism in Transportation with the Harvard University School of Public Health. The workshop featured presentations from numerous Harvard University faculty members and other distinguished guests and covered a wide range of relevant public health and policy topics. Notable participants included Ms. Janet Benini, Deputy Director, Research and Special Programs Administration's Office of Emergency Transportation; Dr. Jennifer Leaning, Harvard School of Public Health, who presented "Anthrax and the U.S. Postal Service- Implications for the Public Response to Bio-terrorism;" and Dr. Arnold Howitt, Kennedy School of Government, who presented "Institutional Political Perspectives." (Added 03/04/02) Volpe staff member recognized by National Park Service- Volpe Center staff member Gary Ritter recently received a STAR Award from the National Park Service (NPS). The award citation states: "In recognition for the hard work, outstanding customer support and professionalism regarding his support of the NPS's Alternative Transportation Program. The Alternative Transportation Program (ATP) is a new program and Gary Ritter has done an outstanding job of developing a partnership with the NPS and the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center in support of the ATP." Over the past year, the Volpe Center has provided a wide range of technical assistance to the NPS, including: serving on an interagency Technical Assistance Group that reviews alternative transportation planning and implementation proposals being considered by individual park units; reviewing proposed ATP policies, procedures, and program elements; suggesting methods for improving vehicle asset management data collection and use; planning and organizing a government/industry workshop on alternative transportation vehicle requirements; conducting a workshop to define an Intelligent Transportation Systems strategy within the ATP; helping NPS staff review and interpret technical aspects of alternative transportation planning studies and environmental assessments; and assisting in documenting ATP accomplishments to date and identifying future program challenges and objectives. (Added 03/04/02) February 2002SBIR solicitation topic descriptions now available- The full 2002 Department of Transportation (DOT) Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) solicitation topic descriptions are now available in the 2002 Solicitation on the SBIR Web site. These topics indicate the specific areas for which proposals are to be considered for acceptance by DOT. SBIR is a research and development program with the purpose of developing technological innovations using the high level of expertise in the small business community throughout the United States. (Added 02/15/02) Measurement, Analysis, and Abatement of Railroad Noise- On February 11 and 12, 2002, Volpe Center staff member Eric Boeker traveled in a locomotive cab from Boston, Massachusetts to Selkirk, New York to gather information about sources of noise within locomotives for the update of the "Handbook for Measurement, Analysis, and Abatement of Railroad Noise." The updated handbook will incorporate the improvements and changes in noise measurement instrumentation technology and field measurement and analysis techniques as well as U.S. noise policy changes that have occurred since the release of the document in 1982. As part of the Volpe Center's continuing support to the Federal Railroad Administration's Office of Research and Development, the Volpe Center's Acoustic Facility will be conducting more detailed measurements and analysis of railroad noise in the future using specialized recording and analysis equipment. (Added 02/25/02) Volpe Transportation Internship application period opens- The application period for the 2002-2003 John A. Volpe Transportation Internship is open from February 15, 2002 through March 15, 2002. The Volpe Transportation Internship features major tuition assistance and paid work opportunities at the Volpe Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts for selected outstanding graduate students in engineering, information technology, and physical and social science disciplines who have expressed an interest in working in the field of transportation. Volpe Transportation Interns work side-by-side with leaders and experts in the field of transportation on both technical and policy projects. The 2002-2003 academic year will be the third year during which the Volpe Transportation Internship will be awarded. Detailed information about the Volpe Transportation Internship including program features, eligibility criteria, and the application checklist are now available on the Volpe Center Career Opportunities Web site. (Added 02/15/02) Water Transportation Planning for the Massachusetts Bay Area- The Volpe Center is working with the Massachusetts Executive Office of Transportation Construction on the analysis of potential ferry and water-shuttle routes in the Massachusetts Bay Area. The results will be used to make strategic decisions for future water-transportation capital projects. On January 25, 2002, Volpe Center staff members Michael Dyer, Jeff Bryan, Eric Plosky, and Deirdre Carrigan hosted the Water Transportation Advisory Council Focus Group at the Volpe Center in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The stakeholder group includes ferry and terminal owners and operators, port managers, and state transportation planners and regulators. The meeting addressed the technical aspects of the Volpe Center's work including the Service Assessment Spreadsheet, selection of ferry services, and data collection. The Volpe Center is also providing expertise in marine transportation to the Federal Highway Administration and the National Park Service by analyzing the commercial viability of ferry service as an alternative to land-based systems in congested areas. (Added 02/11/02) Volpe Center staff member contributes to TRANSLOG International's Quarterly Journal- A paper by Volpe Center staff member Dr. Bahar Barami recently appeared in The Voyager, TRANSLOG International's Quarterly Journal. The paper, "Transportation at a Crossroads: Information Age Infrastructure and Global Vulnerabilities," can be found in the November 2001-January 2002 issue of The Voyager. TRANSLOG International serves as a forum to address near, mid, and long term issues pertaining to the fields of transportation and logistics. (Added 02/04/02) January 2002
Volpe exhibits at TRB- The Transportation Research Board's 81st Annual Meeting on January 13-17 in Washington, DC attracted more than 8,000 transportation professionals from around the world. The Volpe Center's exhibit at this meeting focused on the Center's work in Crashworthiness and Crash Avoidance. Volpe's support to the Federal Highway Administration, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Federal Railroad Administration, and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration was highlighted. The Vehicle Crash Avoidance display featured an overview of Volpe's crash avoidance work, a display about Volpe's evaluation of an Intelligent Cruise Control System, videos of the Volpe-designed characterization tests of the Volvo-Eaton/VORAD Crash Warning System, and a demonstration of a PC-based, multimedia data analysis tool to be used in Volpe's evaluation of the GM Rear-End Crash Warning System. The Vehicle Crashworthiness display featured computer animations of vehicle crash simulations, including full-vehicle finite element and occupant models in frontal and side impacts. It also presented a Fleet Systems Model--a method for predicting fleet-wide crash behavior in response to changes in the accident environment. The Rail Equipment Crashworthiness display included overviews of ongoing full-scale impact testing, field investigations of occupant injury in passenger train accidents, and support to federal rulemaking and development of industry standards. (Added 01/23/02) Volpe Staff Member Serves as Guest Editor of Air Traffic Control Association Quarterly- The Air Traffic Control Association Quarterly has just published its special issue on Flight Safety. Dr. James Hallock, Chief of the Volpe Center's Aviation Safety Division, served as the Guest Editor of this issue. Three papers by Volpe Center staff were also included: "GPS Availability and Outage Reporting for Aviation Applications" by Karen Van Dyke, "Simulation of Jet Blast Effect on Landing Aircraft" by Yan Zhang, Robert Rudis, Frank Wang, and Edward Spitzer, and "Air Traffic Control in Airline Pilot Simulator Training and Evaluation" by Judith Burki-Cohen and Andrew Kendra. (Added 01/14/02) International Conference on Applications of Advanced Technology in Transportation- The Volpe Center, in cooperation with the American Society of Civil Engineers, will co-sponsor the 7th International Conference on "Application of Advanced Technology in Transportation" (AATT 2002) on August 5-7, 2002, at the Marriott Hotel in Cambridge, MA. For more information about the conference, see the AATT website at http://www.asce.org/conferences/aatt2002/. If you have any questions, please contact Gary Ritter of the Volpe Center at ritter@volpe.dot.gov. (Added 01/14/02)
Volpe Center supports Cooperative Threat Reduction program- During December 8-15, 2001, Ross Gill and John Krumm of the Volpe Center joined a Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) team in Russia to examine four kilometers of rail construction from the City of Bryansk to an adjacent Russian Ministry of Defense elimination plant and to inspect missile launch cars destined for elimination at this facility. They also reviewed the installation of boilers, water, and electricity for two major buildings, one of which will contain a special metal cutting chamber designed to handle the elimination of full-size railcars. Up to 39 launch cars are scheduled for elimination at the facility, beginning in March 2002. Volpe Center support to the Cooperative Threat Reduction (CTR) program is expected to continue through 2008. The Center is currently providing technical support to the DTRA CTR Program with assessments of repair and construction of railroad equipment for the elimination of SS-N-20 (submarine launched), SS-24 (train launched), and SS-25 (truck launched) missiles. DTRA administers work under Strategic Arms Reduction Treaties (START) I & II between the United States and the Former Soviet Union. (Added 01/07/02) |
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